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. UNITED STATES Patented January 5, 1904.

PATENT OFFICE.

CHRISTIAN D. HELWIG, OF KANSAS CITY, KANSAS, AND WILFRED W. MON TAGUE,OF SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA; SAID MONTAGUE ASSIGNOR TO SAID HELWIG.

STOVE;

SPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent to. 749,059, dated January5, 1904.

Application filed March 5, 1902.

To aZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that we,OHRIsTIAN D. HELWIG, a resident of Kansas City, inthe county of Wyandotte and State of Kansas, and WIL- FRED W. MONTAGUE,a resident of San Francisco, county of San Francisco, and State ofCalifornia, have invented a new and useful Improvementin Stoves; and wedo hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exactdescription thereof.

Our invention relates to stoves adapted for ordinary domestic purposes;and its object is to provide an improved hot blast for such stoveswhereby the draft-air is heated before being admitted to thefuel-chamber and more perfect combustion thereby insured.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a vertical section of one formof stove, showing our invention applied thereto. Fig. 2 is a horizontalsection of the same on the line 2 2, Fig. l; and Fig. 3 is a verticalsectional view, of the fire-pot.

Our invention may be adapted toany ordinary stove for domestic purposes,such as heating-stoves, cooking-stoves, ranges, and the like. It isillustrated in connection with a special form of heating-stove adaptedfor burning both coal and wood; but it will be understood that this isfor purpose of illuso tration merely.

As shown in the drawings, the stove is provided with the usual outsidecasing 1, supported upon legs, as is the custom, and pro vided with theoutlet 2, to which is connected the smoke-pipe 3. In the casing 1 isformed the fuel-chamber 4, which may be of any desired shape andlocation, depending upon the particular kind of stove to which theinvention is applied. Said fuel-chamber is shown located comparativelylowdown in the stove and adapted to burn wood, which is to be placeddirectly upon the floor of said chamber. To adapt this stove for burningcoal, any suitable fire-pot,'such as shown at 5, is

suspended in this fuel-chamber. A door 6 is provided, through which theashes can be removed; but this door preferably should fit so closely asto practically seal the f uel-chamber and prevent the admission of air.The

fuel may beintroduced into the fuel-chamber through any suitableopening, and we haveand just above the bottom thereof.

Serial No. 96,814. (No model.)

shown for this purpose a door 7 in the top of the stove. On each side ofthe fuel-chamber, betweem the same and the outside casing, are thedoWntake-flues 9, which communicate with the cross-flue 10 at the frontof the stove This cross-flue in turn communicates with the centraldraft-flue 11, which is separated on each side from the downtake-flues 9by the walls or partitions 12. This central draft-flue communicates withthe uptake-flue 13, located at the rear of the stove and leading to theoutlet 2. An opening 14 is made in the partition 15, which forms therear wall of the combustionchamber near the top of said partition, andthis may be controlled by any suitable damper, such as shown at 16. Whenthis damper is opened, as it will be when starting the fire, the draftis directly from the combustionchamber to the outlet 2; but after thefire is well started this dam per will be closed, and then the productsof combustion will pass into the downtake-flues 9 and thence to thecross-flue 10 and back through the central draft-flue 11 to theuptake-flue 13. This or similar arrangements of dues are common in alldomestic stoves, the object being to give the products of combustionsuch a circuitous path in the stove as to give up most of the heatbefore passing'to the pipe. A door 17 communicates with the cross-flue10 and central draft-fiue 11, so that these flues can be cleaned. Avalve 18, preferably located in the} front of the stove, communicateswith a short due 19, which projects upwardly in the combustion-chamber,so as to admit air, heat it, and discharge it into the, upperportion'thereof in order to aid combustion.

All of the doors and valves leading into the stove will preferably fitso close as to practically seal the same, and said doors will be usedonly for the purposes for which they are intended-namely, to allow theintroduction of fuel or the removal of ashes orsoot; but during thenormal working of the stove they will be kept closed. The draft-air tothe fuel will be introduced entirely through a pipe located in theuptake-flue 13. This pipe is shown at 20, and it has its lower endcommunicating with the fuel-chamber 4, near the bottom thereof,

and preferably through a perforated plate 21,

so as to prevent the entrance of ashes and fuel into said pipe 20. Theupper end of this pipe is in close proximity with the outlet 2 andcomfirst admitted near the outlet 2, practically at the point where theresidual heat is about to be wasted, and as the air is coldest at thispoint it will absorb the most of this residual municates with theoutside air, as shown, and"h'e'at, and as the air passes down in thepipe is controlled by any suitable damper or valve, such as shown at 22,which has a screwthreaded stem passing through the cross-bar 23, so thatsaid valve can be opened and closed by merely turning the same. Anyother form of damper, however, may be used.

When the stove is in normal operation, the

20 it absorbs less and less heat from the waste products in the flue 13untilit is brought approximately to the temperature of these wasteproducts, in that way not interfering in any way with the naturalheating efiect to be given by the stove.

As heretofore stated, our invention can be draft-air is introducedthrough this pipe 20, applied to any form of domestic stove, as in andas said pipe extends for a considerable distance through the uptake-fluel3the air will be heated before it is admitted to the fuel-chamber, andthe combustion of the fuel will be much more perfect than ifcold airwere admitted. This draft-flue, furthermore, opens into thefuel-chamber, near the bottom thereof, or, if a fire pot or grate isused, below the grate, so that the hot air will be applied directly atthe point of combustion of the fuel. The heating of the draft-air bythis arrangement is accomplished practically by the waste heat from thestove, for the reason that the heat remaining in the waste products bythe time the latter enters the uptake-flue 13 has been given off to justthe full extent that it can be given ofi, and what further heat remainsin such products will merely pass to the pipe and be wasted. By ourarrangement, however, this residium of heat will be absorbed by thedraft-air and is returned by the same to the fuel-chamber. This heat istherefore saved, the draft-air heated, so as to make the combustion muchmore perfect, and this is done without chilling any part of the stove,which is used either to radiate heat into the room or to an oven orotherwise.

We are aware that it is not new to provide ahot blast fordomesticstoves; but in all prior devices of this kind the hot blast has beeneither introduced above the fuel-line or else the blast-air pipes havebeen so located in the stove that the colt) air coming through the samewill chill some part of the stove, which should be maintained at thehigher temperature. With our arrangement the cold air is almost allstoves it is the practice to have an of the stove, through which thewaste products pass just before going to the pipe, and in all cases mydraft-pipe will be located in this flue.

The particular grate or pot shown for the coal is provided at its bottomwith the usual openings 24, as is common with coal-grates; but its sidewalls are also perforated and preferably by the elongated vertical slots25, as shown. It has been found that the combustion of the coal is muchmore perfect with this form of fire-pot, as the air is admitted not onlyunderneath but also on all sides of the coal. This fire-pot, however, isnot claimed in this application.

What we claim as our invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,is

In a stove, a casing, a fire-box having its rear and side walls spacedfrom said casing, the side spaces communicating with the firebox andforming diving flues and the rear spaces forming the uptake, and anair-feeding pipe located in the rear space and havoutlet in the lowerportion of the tire-box.

In testimony whereof we, the said CHRIS- TIAN D. HELWIG and WILFRED W.MON- TAGUE, have hereunto set our hands.

CHRISTIAN D. HELWIG. WILFRED W. MONTAGUE.

Witnesses DANIEL WILSON, L. SONNTAG.

ing an inlet near the top of the stove and an uptake-flue, such as shownat 13, at the rear A

